Debian Build Release: Difference between revisions

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(Replaced content with "<!-- Set release according to "release" parameter in URL and use am62-debian-bookworm-6.1.83_09.02.01.10-v1.0 as default --> {{INIT_RELEASE_PARAM|am62-debian-bookworm-6.1.83_09.02.01.10-v1.0}}<!-- --> {{#lst:Debian_Platform_Customization|{{#var:RELEASE_PARAM}}}} <!-- --> {{SoftwareEx |title={{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} Debian {{#var:DEBIAN_NAME}} {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} |image=Debian.png |description=Debian project is a Linux distributions for embedded devices. Debian big...")
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--> {{INIT_RELEASE_PARAM|RELEASE_STRETCH_V3.0_DART-6UL}} <!--
--> {{INIT_RELEASE_PARAM|am62-debian-bookworm-6.1.83_09.02.01.10-v1.0}}<!--
--> {{#lst:Debian_Platform_Customization|{{#var:RELEASE_PARAM}}}} <!--
--> {{#lst:Debian_Platform_Customization|{{#var:RELEASE_PARAM}}}} <!--
--> {{PageHeader|{{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} - Debian {{#var:DEBIAN_NAME}} {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} with {{#var:KERNEL_BRANCH}} Linux release}} {{DocImage|category1={{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}}|category2=Debian}}
--> {{SoftwareEx
|title={{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} Debian {{#var:DEBIAN_NAME}} {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}}
|image=Debian.png
|description=Debian project is a  Linux distributions for embedded devices. Debian big varities of pre-built packages
and easy to customization provides rapid prototyping with minimal efforts.


{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | DART-6UL |{{Note|DART-6UL in this wiki refers to both the Variscite DART-6UL and VAR-SOM-6UL SOMs.}}|}}
This release is based on TI's [{{#var:TI_RELEASE_NOTES}} {{#var:TI_RELEASE}}] Release. Variscite extends TI's release to support its VAR-SOM-AM62 System On Module.  
__toc__
= Overview =
This page describes how to build and install Debian distribution ({{#var:DEBIAN_NAME}}) on Variscite boards with {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}}.


Please note that the build script is based on ''debootstrap''. As described in the following instructions, it's kindly suggested to '''create the build folder on the main Ubuntu volume on your host PC''' rather than an external media.<br>
Release version: '''{{#var:RELEASE_NAME}}'''
Using an external media, although automatically mounted, will cause debootstrap to complain about access rights (even when running the script with sudo).
|category1=VAR-SOM-AM62
 
|category2=Debian
= Create build environment =
|documentation=
 
{{OS_Overview_General_Column}}<!--
These instructions were tested on '''Ubuntu {{#ifexpr: {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} < 10 | 16.04/18.04 | {{#ifexpr: {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} < 12 | 18.04/20.04 | 20.04/22.04 }} }} x64 host PCs'''. When using other distributions, there may be issues.
-->{{OS_Overview_Build_Column_AM62}}<!--
{{Note|'''Note:''' Variscite provides Docker containers that can be used for a development environment as an alternative to using a virtual machine or a dedicated computer.
-->{{OS_Overview_HowTo_Column_AM62}}}}
To learn more, please see Variscite's [[Docker_Build_Environment | Docker Build Environment]] guide.
{{NONUMBEREDHEADINGS}}
Windows with WSL/WSL2 is not supported for development}}
 
== Installing required packages ==
 
On Ubuntu building machine:
 
$ sudo apt-get install binfmt-support qemu qemu-user-static debootstrap kpartx \
lvm2 dosfstools gpart binutils bison git lib32ncurses5-dev libssl-dev gawk wget \
git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib build-essential chrpath socat libsdl1.2-dev \
autoconf libtool libglib2.0-dev libarchive-dev xterm sed cvs subversion \
kmod coreutils texi2html bc docbook-utils help2man make gcc g++ \
desktop-file-utils libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev mercurial automake groff curl \
lzop asciidoc u-boot-tools mtd-utils device-tree-compiler flex cmake zstd udisks2  libgnutls28-dev \
python-pysqlite2 python-git python-m2crypto python-pyelftools
 
{{#ifexpr: {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} >= 10 |<br>
While installing the packages, Ubuntu 20.04 users may receive the warning
<pre>
Package python-git is not available, ...
</pre>
Since the package is only available in up to Ubuntu 18.04, just ignore it and run:
<pre>
$ sudo apt-get install python3-git python3-m2crypto python3-pyelftools
</pre>
 
Note: If you are using Ubuntu 20.04 the QEMU package must be updated to latest version (>= 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.19). <br>
To check the currently installed version of the qemu-user-static package on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, use the below command:<br>
$ apt list qemu-user-static
|}}
 
== Deploy source ==
{{DEBIAN_CODEAURORA_MIGRATION_NOTE}}
Download archive containing the build script and support files for building Debian {{#var:DEBIAN_NAME}} for this board:
 
$ cd ~
$ git clone {{#var:DEBIAN_GIT}} -b {{#var:DEBIAN_BRANCH}} {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER_NAME}}
 
Create environment (<span style="color:red">''Internet connection should be available''</span>):
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c deploy
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to build for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c deploy
|}}|}}
This environment prepared to build.
 
= Make Debian =
 
== Build all ==
<span style="color:red">''Internet connection should be available''</span>
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c all |& tee build.log
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to build for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c all
|}}|}}
 
== Build by parts ==
 
=== Build bootloader ===
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c bootloader
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to build for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c bootloader
|}}|}}
 
{{#ifexpr: {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} >= 12
|
=== Build Linux kernel packages ===
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c kernelpackage
|
=== Build kernel, dtb files, kernel modules, and kernel headers ===
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c kernel
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c modules
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c kernelheaders
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to build kernel, dtb, kernel modules for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c kernel
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c modules
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c kernelheaders
|}}|}}}}
 
=== Build rootfs ===
<span style="color:red">''Internet connection should be available''</span>
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c rootfs
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to build rootfs for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c rootfs
|}}|}}
 
=== Pack rootfs ===
To create the root file system archive (rootfs.tar.gz){{#ifeq: {{#var:PROVIDE_UBIFS}} | NO ||&nbsp;and UBI image (rootfs.ubi.img)}}, run the following commands:
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c rtar
{{#ifeq: {{#var:PROVIDE_UBIFS}} | NO ||$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c rubi}}
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to pack rootfs for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c rtar
|}}|}}
 
{{#ifeq: {{#var:TIGHT_NAND}} | true |
Note: <span style="color:red">The NAND filesystem is console only and may not have all the features as eMMC/SD card</span> <br>
To fit the NAND UBIFS filesystem as per your need, optimize the UBIFS by removing the packages.
|}}
 
= Create boot SD card =
#Follow the above steps for make rootfs, kernel, bootloader;
#Insert the SD card to card reader connected to a host system;
#Run the following commands (Caution! All data on the card will be destroyed):
 
$ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c sdcard -d /dev/sdX
 
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8X |{{#ifeq: {{#var:MACHINE_NAME_B0}} | imx8qxpb0-var-som |
Or, to build sdcard for i.MXQXP SOC revision B0:
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT_B0}} -c sdcard -d /dev/sdX
|}}|}}
 
where '/dev/sdX' path to the block SD device in your system.
 
== Create a boot SD card image using a loop device ==
It is also possible to use the "{{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}}" script to create a boot SD card image, while using a loop device instead of attaching a real SD card.<br>
<br>
Create an empty file using the following command:
$ dd if=/dev/zero of={{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}-debian-sd.img bs=1M count=3720
 
The above command creates a 3700MiB file representing the SD card.<br>
<br>
Attach the first available loop device to this file:
$ sudo losetup -Pf {{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}-debian-sd.img
 
To find the actual loop device being used, run:
$ losetup -a | grep {{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}-debian-sd.img
 
Write the content to the loop device to generate the SD card image:
$ sudo {{#var:BUILD_SCRIPT}} -c sdcard -d /dev/loopX
(Replace /dev/loopX with your actual loop device, e.g. /dev/loop0)<br><br>
 
Detach the loop device from the file:
$ sudo losetup -d /dev/loopX
 
To compress the SD card image file use the following command:
$ gzip -9 {{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}-debian-sd.img
 
To write the SD card image to a real SD card device use the following command:
$ zcat {{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}-debian-sd.img.gz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX bs=1M && sync
(Replace /dev/sdX with your actual SD device, e.g. /dev/sdb)
 
= Boot the board with a bootable SD card =
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | DART-6UL |
Note: <span style="color:red">The WiFi is not operational when booting from SD card</span>, as the WiFi and SD card are using the same SDIO interface.<br>
A typical use-case is to boot from an SD card, flash the eMMC/NAND flash, and re-boot from the eMMC/NAND flash to have the WiFi operational.
|}}
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | DART-MX8M |
Note: <span style="color:red">The WiFi is not operational when booting from SD card</span>, as the WiFi and SD card are using the same SDIO interface.<br>
A typical use-case is to boot from an SD card, flash the eMMC, and re-boot from the eMMC to have the WiFi operational.
|}}
== Setting the Boot Mode ==
{{#lst:Yocto_Platform_Customization|{{#var:DEBIAN_BOOT_BOARD_SECTION}}}}
 
== {{#ifeq: {{#var:SUPPORT_UBOOT_AUTO_DTB}} | NO | Device| Automatic device}} tree selection in U-Boot ==
{{#ifeq: {{#var:SUPPORT_UBOOT_AUTO_DTB}} | NO |
As shown in the [[#Build_Results| Build Results]] table above, we have different kernel device trees, corresponding to our different H/W configurations (sometimes they are renamed without the "{{#var:KERNEL_IMAGE}}-" prefix).
 
In U-Boot, set the device tree file manually:
|
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | DART-6UL |
{{#lst:Yocto_Platform_Customization|DART-6UL_U-BOOT_DT_SELECTION}}
|
As shown in the [[#Build_Results| Build Results]] table above, we have different kernel device trees, corresponding to our different H/W configurations (sometimes they are renamed without the "{{#var:KERNEL_IMAGE}}-" prefix).
 
We implemented a script in U-Boot's environment, which sets the fdt_file environment variable based on the detected hardware.
}}
 
=== Enable/Disable Automatic Device Tree selection ===
To enable the automatic device tree selection in U-Boot (already enabled by default):
 
$ setenv fdt_file undefined
$ saveenv
 
To disable the automatic device tree selection in U-Boot, set the device tree file manually:}}
 
$ setenv fdt_file YOUR_DTB_FILE
$ saveenv
 
<!-- Make NOTE for DART-6UL only -->
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | DART-6UL |
{{note|Comment:<br>Make sure you don't set an inappropriate dtb file, like a dtb with nand on a SOM that has eMMC, or a dtb for mx6ull on a SOM with an mx6ul SOC.|info}}
|}}
 
= Build Results =
{{#lst:Debian_Platform_Customization|{{#var:DEBIAN_BUILD_RESULTS_SECTION}}}}
 
= Linux console access =
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | User name
! scope="col" | User password
! scope="col" | User descriptor
|-
| root
| root
| system administrator
|-
| user
| user
| local user
|-
| x_user
|
| used for X session access
|-
|}
{{#ifeq: {{#var:SUPPORT_X11}} | NO | Please note: Vivante libraies for this release '''do not support X11''', only '''weston''' backend is provided |}}
 
= Flash images to {{#ifeq: {{#var:PROVIDE_UBIFS}} | NO || NAND / }} eMMC =
{{#ifeq: {{#var:PROVIDE_UBIFS}} | NO |
To install Debian to the on-SOM eMMC, run the following command '''as root''':
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX6 |
<pre>
# debian-install.sh -b <mx6cb|scb|dart> -t <cap|res>
</pre>
where the "-b" option provide the carrier board used (MX6CustomBoard/SOLOCustomBoard/DART-MX6) and the "-t" option provide the touch type when using MX6CustomBoard (ignored otherwise).
|
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | VAR-SOM-MX8 |
<pre>
# install_debian.sh -d <lvds|hdmi|dp>
</pre>
where the "-d" option set display type, default is lvds.
|
{{#ifeq: {{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} | DART-MX8M |
<pre>
# install_debian.sh -d <lvds|hdmi|dp|dual-display>
</pre>
where the "-d" option set display type, default is lvds.
|
<pre>
# install_debian.sh
</pre>
}}
}}
}}
The above script is located in /usr/sbin in the rootfs of the SD card used to boot Debian.
|
In case you are using a SOM with NAND flash, run the following command '''as root''' to install Debian on it:
{{#ifeq: {{#var:DEBIAN_INSTALL_SCRIPT}} | unified |
<pre>
# install_debian.sh -r nand (Follow instructions)
</pre>
|
<pre>
# debian-nand.sh
</pre>
}}
In case you are using a SOM with eMMC, run the following command '''as root''' to install Debian on it:
{{#ifeq: {{#var:DEBIAN_INSTALL_SCRIPT}} | unified |
<pre>
# install_debian.sh -r emmc (Follow instructions)
</pre>
|
<pre>
# debian-emmc.sh
</pre>
}}
The above scripts are located in /usr/sbin in the rootfs of the SD card used to boot Debian.
}}
 
= How-to: Test and use an interface =
Please see this section in the {{Varlink|{{#var:HARDWARE_NAME}} Yocto|{{#var:YOCTO_RELEASE_LINK}}|Yocto developer guide page}}. It is the same for Debian.
 
= How-to: Modify the kernel configuration =
To modify the kernel configuration (add/remove features and drivers) please follow the steps below:
 
1. $ cd {{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}/src/kernel
2. $ sudo make ARCH={{#var:ARCH}} mrproper
3. $ sudo make ARCH={{#var:ARCH}} {{#var:KERNEL_DEFCONFIG}}
4. $ sudo make ARCH={{#var:ARCH}} menuconfig
5. Navigate the menu and select the desired kernel functionality
6. Exit the menu and answer "Yes" when asked "Do you wish to save your new configuration?"
7. $ sudo make ARCH={{#var:ARCH}} savedefconfig
8. $ sudo cp arch/{{#var:ARCH}}/configs/{{#var:KERNEL_DEFCONFIG}} arch/{{#var:ARCH}}/configs/{{#var:KERNEL_DEFCONFIG}}.orig
9. $ sudo cp defconfig arch/{{#var:ARCH}}/configs/{{#var:KERNEL_DEFCONFIG}}
10. Follow the instructions above to rebuild kernel and modules, repack rootfs images and recreate SD card
{{#ifexpr: {{#var:DEBIAN_VERSION}} >= 10 |
 
= How-to: Build and install a custom device tree =
To build and install a custom device tree, add the filename to G_LINUX_DTB in https://github.com/varigit/debian-var/blob/{{#var:DEBIAN_BRANCH}}/variscite/{{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}/{{#var:MACHINE_NAME}}.sh}}
 
{{#ifeq: {{#var:SOC_SERIES}} | imx8 |
= Upgrading Debian Packages =
To update the packages either at runtime or build time, refer to {{Varlink|IMX8_Debian_Package_Update|{{#var:RELEASE_LINK}}|Upgrading Debian Packages}}
|}}
 
= Build a sample C "Hello, world!" program =
Create a file called myhello.c with the following content:
<pre>
#include <stdio.h>
 
int main() {
printf("Hello, World!\n");
return 0;
}
</pre>
 
Export the C (cross-)compiler path:
$ export CC={{#var:BUILD_FOLDER}}/toolchain/{{#var:TOOLCHAIN}}/bin/{{#var:CROSS_COMPILE}}gcc
 
Compile:
$ $CC myhello.c -o myhello
 
Now you should have an app called myhello, that can be run on your target board.<br>
You can add it to your rootfs image or copy it directly to the rootfs on the board (using scp, for example).
 
 
{{#ifeq: {{#var:LIBC_WORKAROUND}} | true |
= Installing packages which depend on libc =
NXP Provides the Vivante GPU driver in binary form and it requires a specific minimum version of libc.<br>
Due to this requirement from the GPU user space libraries, this Debian release uses an updated version of libc from the newer Debian Bullseye repository.<br>
Therefore, if you need to install packages which depend on libc (like build-essentials, gcc, libc6-dev, etc.) please use their "testing" version (from Debian Bullseye).<br>
For example:
apt-get update
apt-get install build-essential/testing gcc/testing g++/testing libc6-dev/testing
|
}}
 
{{#ifeq: {{#var:SUPPORT_X11}} | NO |
= Running X11 Applications via Xwayland =
Since Vivante libraries  for this release '''do not support X11''' backend, only '''weston''' backend is provided, so if you want to run x11 based application<br>
refer to {{Varlink|IMX8_Debian_XWayland|{{#var:RELEASE_LINK}}|XWayland Example}}
|
}}

Revision as of 07:31, 20 November 2024

Warning: This page is designed to be used with a 'release' URL parameter.

This page is using the default release am62-debian-bookworm-6.1.83_09.02.01.10-v1.0.
To view this page for a specific Variscite SoM and software release, please follow these steps:

  1. Visit variwiki.com
  2. Select your SoM
  3. Select the software release
VAR-SOM-AM62 Debian Bookworm 12.8
  • Debian.png

Debian project is a Linux distributions for embedded devices. Debian big varities of pre-built packages and easy to customization provides rapid prototyping with minimal efforts.

This release is based on TI's 09.02.01.10 Release. Variscite extends TI's release to support its VAR-SOM-AM62 System On Module.

Release version: am62-debian-bookworm-6.1.83_09.02.01.10-v1.0

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This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 07:31.

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