VAR-SOM-MX6 NAND Flash Burning Jethro: Difference between revisions
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== Yocto Built binaries for NAND flash == | == Yocto Built binaries for NAND flash / eMMC == | ||
The resulted images are located at tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6.<br> | The resulted images are located at tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6.<br> | ||
Looking at tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6 you will find the following five required files for a complete NAND flash based system:<br/> | Looking at tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6 you will find the following five required files for a complete NAND flash based system:<br/> | ||
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== | == Installing the Yocto binaries == | ||
If you followed the [[VAR-SOM-MX6 Yocto Jethro R4 Build Yocto release#Create_an_extended_SD_card |Create an extended SD card]] steps, the [[# | If you followed the [[VAR-SOM-MX6 Yocto Jethro R4 Build Yocto release#Create_an_extended_SD_card |Create an extended SD card]] steps, the [[#Images locations|Yocto binaries]] and the [[#Flashing scripts|flashing scripts]] will be included in your SD card. <br> | ||
The | The flashing scripts are easy-to-use example scripts for flashing images into NAND flash / eMMC.<br> | ||
There is also a [[#Manual step-by-step flashing to NAND flash / eMMC|section below]] describing how to flash the images manually. | |||
=== | === Images locations === | ||
Following is the directory structure on your SD card, which elaborates the files' location that the below | Following is the directory structure on your SD card, which elaborates the files' location that the below installation scripts are expecting: | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
/opt/images/ | /opt/images/ | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
== Prepare images for NAND flash / eMMC flashing == | === Flashing scripts === | ||
The flashing scripts are located on the SD card at /usr/bin/: | |||
<pre> | |||
install_yocto.sh - Flash Yocto into NAND flash or eMMC (Run and follow usage instructions) | |||
(install_yocto_emmc.sh - This script is being called by install_yocto.sh when choosing to install the rootfs to eMMC - it should not be called directly!) | |||
</pre> | |||
=== Manual step-by-step flashing to NAND flash / eMMC === | |||
==== Prepare images for NAND flash / eMMC flashing ==== | |||
Plug the bootable SD card into your host machine. | Plug the bootable SD card into your host machine. | ||
Then your host machine should mount the rootfs partition on /media/rootfs.<br> | Then your host machine should mount the rootfs partition on /media/rootfs.<br> | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
= | ==== Flash SPL & U-Boot ==== | ||
=== Flash SPL & U-Boot === | |||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
$ cd /opt/images/Yocto | $ cd /opt/images/Yocto | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
=== Flash Linux Kernel image & Device Tree === | ==== Flash Linux Kernel image & Device Tree ==== | ||
You need to pick and choose the right .dtb file. See the [[#Yocto Built binaries for NAND flash|table]] above for a complete description. | You need to pick and choose the right .dtb file. See the [[#Yocto Built binaries for NAND flash|table]] above for a complete description. | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
=== Flash | ==== Flash (UBI) File System to NAND flash ==== | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
$ cd /opt/images/Yocto | $ cd /opt/images/Yocto | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
== Flash File System to eMMC == | ==== Flash File System to eMMC ==== | ||
Flashing eMMC requires several steps including partition, format and untar of the file system. | Flashing eMMC requires several steps including partition, format and untar of the file system. | ||
We recommend to use our provided scripts to perform this task.<br> | We recommend to use our provided scripts to perform this task.<br> |
Revision as of 10:03, 1 September 2016
Introduction
The Variscite VAR-SOM-MX6 / VAR-SOM-SOLO SOMs use the on-SOM NAND flash to boot.
The file system can reside either on the NAND flash or the eMMC.
When the file system resides on NAND, UBIFS file system is used.
When file system resides on eMMC, ext4 file system is used.
Regardless of the file system type and location, U-Boot will always boot from NAND.
The only exception is the VAR-DART-MX6, where boot is from eMMC completely.
This Wiki is only valid for VAR-SOM-MX6, VAR-SOM-SOLO/DUAL. For DART-MX6 please use: DART eMMC flashing
NAND Structure
When system boots, kernel logs will present 4 relevant partitions defined.
0x000000000000-0x000000200000 : "spl"
0x000000200000-0x000000400000 : "bootloader"
0x000000400000-0x000000c00000 : "kernel"
0x000000c00000-0x000040000000 : "rootfs"
Yocto Built binaries for NAND flash / eMMC
The resulted images are located at tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6.
Looking at tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6 you will find the following five required files for a complete NAND flash based system:
SPL, U-Boot, uImage, dtb file, file system image file.
Image Name |
How to use | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
fsl-image-gui-var-som-mx6.tar.bz2 | Tarball of the rootfs used for eMMC (for extracting into the ext4 partition on eMMC) (Needed only in case of using the eMMC for file system) | |||
fsl-image-gui-var-som-mx6.ubi | A complete UBI file system binary ("rootfs") (Needed only in case of using the NAND flash for file system) | |||
uImage | Linux kernel image ("kernel") | |||
SPL-nand | The SPL is pre-U-Boot SW component, required for DDR intialization ("spl") | |||
u-boot-nand-2015.04-r0.img | U-Boot built for NAND ("bootloader") | |||
Device Tree Name (Choose only one, according to your SOM and carrier board) |
SOM type |
Carrier Board type |
LCD Type |
Evaluation Kit name |
uImage-imx6q-var-som-cap.dtb | VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (Quad / Dual) | VAR-MX6CustomBoard | Capacitive touch | VAR-DVK-MX6_V2-PRO VAR-STK-MX6_V2 |
uImage-imx6q-var-som-res.dtb | VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (Quad / Dual) | VAR-MX6CustomBoard | Resistive touch | VAR-DVK-MX6_V2-PRO VAR-STK-MX6_V2 |
uImage-imx6q-var-som-vsc.dtb | VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (Quad / Dual) | VAR-SOLOCustomBoard | Capacitive LVDS touch | N/A |
uImage-imx6dl-var-som-cap.dtb | VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (DualLite/ Solo) | VAR-MX6CustomBoard | Capacitive touch | N/A |
uImage-imx6dl-var-som-res.dtb | VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (DualLite/ Solo) | VAR-MX6CustomBoard | Resistive touch | N/A |
uImage-imx6dl-var-som-vsc.dtb | VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (DualLite/ Solo) | VAR-SOLOCustomBoard | Capacitive LVDS touch | N/A |
uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-vsc.dtb | VAR-SOM-SOLO / VAR-SOM-DUAL | VAR-SOLOCustomBoard | Capacitive LVDS touch | VAR-DVK-SOLO/DUAL VAR-STK-SOLO/DUAL |
uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-cap.dtb | VAR-SOM-SOLO / VAR-SOM-DUAL | VAR-MX6CustomBoard | Capacitive touch | N/A |
uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-res.dtb | VAR-SOM-SOLO / VAR-SOM-DUAL | VAR-MX6CustomBoard | Resistive touch | N/A |
Installing the Yocto binaries
If you followed the Create an extended SD card steps, the Yocto binaries and the flashing scripts will be included in your SD card.
The flashing scripts are easy-to-use example scripts for flashing images into NAND flash / eMMC.
There is also a section below describing how to flash the images manually.
Images locations
Following is the directory structure on your SD card, which elaborates the files' location that the below installation scripts are expecting:
/opt/images/ └── Yocto ├── SPL ├── rootfs.tar.bz2 ├── rootfs.ubi.img ├── u-boot.img ├── uImage ├── uImage-imx6dl-var-som-cap.dtb ├── uImage-imx6dl-var-som-res.dtb ├── uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-cap.dtb ├── uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-res.dtb ├── uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-vsc.dtb ├── uImage-imx6dl-var-som-vsc.dtb ├── uImage-imx6q-var-som-cap.dtb ├── uImage-imx6q-var-som-res.dtb └── uImage-imx6q-var-som-vsc.dtb
Flashing scripts
The flashing scripts are located on the SD card at /usr/bin/:
install_yocto.sh - Flash Yocto into NAND flash or eMMC (Run and follow usage instructions) (install_yocto_emmc.sh - This script is being called by install_yocto.sh when choosing to install the rootfs to eMMC - it should not be called directly!)
Manual step-by-step flashing to NAND flash / eMMC
Prepare images for NAND flash / eMMC flashing
Plug the bootable SD card into your host machine.
Then your host machine should mount the rootfs partition on /media/rootfs.
Copy all the mentioned yocto-built binaries to the SD card:
- Note: If you followed the Create an extended SD card steps, the NAND flashing scripts and all relevant binaries are already included in your SD card, and the below commands are redundant!
$ export YOCTO_IMGS_PATH=~/var-som-mx6-yocto-jethro/tmp/deploy/images/var-som-mx6 $ export P2_MOUNT_DIR=/media/rootfs/ Linux: $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ SPL/U-Boot: $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/SPL-nand ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/SPL $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/u-boot-nand-2015.04-r0.img ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/u-boot.img File System: $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/fsl-image-gui-var-som-mx6.tar.bz2 ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/rootfs.tar.bz2 $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/fsl-image-gui-var-som-mx6.ubi ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/rootfs.ubi.img Device Tree: $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6dl-var-som-cap.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6dl-var-som-res.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-cap.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-res.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6dl-var-som-solo-vsc.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6dl-var-som-vsc.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6q-var-dart.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6q-var-som-cap.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6q-var-som-res.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/ $ sudo cp ${YOCTO_IMGS_PATH}/uImage-imx6q-var-som-vsc.dtb ${P2_MOUNT_DIR}/opt/images/Yocto/
Flash SPL & U-Boot
$ cd /opt/images/Yocto $ flash_erase /dev/mtd0 0 0 $ kobs-ng init -x SPL --search_exponent=1 -v $ flash_erase /dev/mtd1 0 0 $ nandwrite -p /dev/mtd1 u-boot.img
Flash Linux Kernel image & Device Tree
You need to pick and choose the right .dtb file. See the table above for a complete description.
$ cd /opt/images/Yocto $ flash_erase /dev/mtd2 0 0 $ nandwrite -p /dev/mtd2 uImage $ nandwrite -p /dev/mtd1 -s 0x1e0000 uImage-imx6q-var-som.dtb (Example, select the right one!)
Flash (UBI) File System to NAND flash
$ cd /opt/images/Yocto $ ubiformat /dev/mtd3 -f rootfs.ubi.img
Flash File System to eMMC
Flashing eMMC requires several steps including partition, format and untar of the file system.
We recommend to use our provided scripts to perform this task.
$ export node=/dev/mmcblk0 $ cd /opt/images/Yocto
Make sure the eMMC is not mounted:
$ umount ${node}p*
Delete current data on eMMC:
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p1 bs=1024 count=1024 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p2 bs=1024 count=1024 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p3 bs=1024 count=1024 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p4 bs=1024 count=1024 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p5 bs=1024 count=1024 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p6 bs=1024 count=1024 $ dd if=/dev/zero of=${node}p7 bs=1024 count=1024 $ sync $ (echo d; echo 1; echo d; echo 2; echo d; echo 3; echo d; echo w) | fdisk $node $ sync $ dd if=/dev/zero of=$node bs=1M count=4 $ sync
Create a partition table:
$ (echo n; echo p; echo 1; echo; echo; echo p; echo w) | fdisk -u $node $ sync
Format the rootfs partition with ext4 file system:
$ mkfs.ext4 ${node}p1 -L rootfs
Flash the rootfs:
$ mkdir /run/media/mmcblk0p1 $ mount ${node}p1 /run/media/mmcblk0p1 $ tar xvpf rootfs.tar.bz2 -C /run/media/mmcblk1p1/ $ sync $ umount /run/media/mmcblk0p1
And finally, set the U-Boot env. variable "rootfs_device" to "emmc" by one of the following two methods:
$ fw_setenv rootfs_device emmc (A "Warning: Bad CRC, using default environment" message is expected, since this is the first write of the U-Boot environment to the NAND flash)
or:
Reboot and stop at the U-Boot command line, and enter the following: => setenv rootfs_device emmc => saveenv
Summary
This page is not valid for DART-MX6. For DART-MX6, please follow the link to the relevant page.
We described the results of a Yocto build, how to copy it to a bootable SD card and how to flash it to NAND and eMMC.
With our extended SD card and our recovery SD card we provide an installation script located at /usr/bin/install_yocto.sh. It is much safer to use it instead of flashing the system manually.