VAR-SOM-MX6 Android LL1 R01

VAR-SOM-MX6 Android-LL-5.0.0 100 r3 Developers Guide

Introduction

This WIKI describes how to build and deploy Android Lollipop Lollipop-5-0 on the VAR-SOM-MX6. It is based on Freescale Android-LL-5.5.0 100.

Overview

The objective of this document is to guide VAR-SOM-MX6 Android developers to obtain Android Lollipop sources, setting up host environment, compilation and deployment.

This document contains instructions for:

• Hardware and software requirements.
• Setup the hardware.
• Setup the toolchain.
• Download & build the sources.
• Install the binaries on the VAR-SOM-MX6 SOM and SOM-SOLO/SOM-DUAL SOM.

Document Reference

This release is based on Freescale Rev L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga, 06/2015 release. Please download and read the below documents inside android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_doc.tar.gz before you start building.

• Android User's Guide
• Android Quick Start Guide
• Android Release Notes
• Android Frequently Asked Questions

Supported hardware and features

Feature	Description
SOM support	VAR-SOM-MX6 V2 VAR-SOM-SOLO VAR-SOM-DUAL DART-MX6
Carrier Board support	VAR-MX6CustomBoard VAR-SOLOCustomBoard VAR-DVK-DT6
CPU	i.MX6 Quad i.MX6 Dual i.MX6 Dual lite i.MX6 Solo
Software platform	Freescale Android-LL-5.0.0 100
Nand Recovery	nand-recovery SD V39 - can be downloaded from FTP
NAND Flash size support	128MB up to 1GB
eMMC	up to 64GB
DDR size support configuration	Solo:up to 1GB. DualLite, Dual, Quad: up to 4GB
SD-Card	+
Wired Network	10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet
Wireless Network	Support for Wilink8, 802.11abgn STA, AP, & Wi-Fi Direct Mode SmartConfig Wilink8 page
Bluetooth	+
SPI	+
I2C	+
Canbus	+
USB host	+
USB OTG	Host and Device
Uarts	x3, up to 3.6 Mbps.
RTC	+
Display	HDMI: 720P,1080P LVDS0 (On board LVDS-to-RGB bridge, 800x480 resolution), LVDS1 external display
Audio	Line IN/ Line out and Audio over HDMI
Camera	ov5640 camera sensor. CB402 board can be ordered separately at : sales@variscite.com
PCIE	+
SATA	+

Hardware Requirements

VAR-SOM-MX6 evaluation kit.

Host (PC) setup requirements

The host development environment for Android is based on Ubuntu, please install Ubuntu version 12.04 64bit LTS http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop

IMPORTANT

Do not use other Ubuntu releases, other than recommended above.

For 64-bit Ubuntu 12.04

The complete Android host requirments:  source.android.com/source/initializing.html Also the instruction are in Freescale "Android User's Guide" manual.

The following command installs the required packages for setting up the android build host:

First:
$ sudo apt-get install git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
  zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
  libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 \
  libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos \
  python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386
$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so

In addition to the packages requested on the Android website, the following packages are also needed:

Installing the OpenJDK

The master branch of Android in the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) requires Java 7. On Ubuntu, use OpenJDK. Be aware that you must use OpenJDK opposed to previous versions that used SUN Java.

Java 7: For the latest version of Android

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

Optionally, update the default Java version by running:

$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
$ sudo update-alternatives --config javac

Additional packages

In addition to the packages requested on the Android website, the following packages are also needed:

$ sudo apt-get install uuid uuid-dev
$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev liblz-dev
$ sudo apt-get install liblzo2-2 liblzo2-dev
$ sudo apt-get install lzop
$ sudo apt-get install git-core curl
$ sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools
$ sudo apt-get install mtd-utils

NOTE:
The build machine should have at least 30GB of free space to complete the build process.
Please refer to the AOSP documentation for latest information and instructions for setting up other Ubuntu versions http://source.android.com/source/initializing.html

Comment for build error: If this is the first time you build on a 64bit machine you may encounter some error releated to lzo library and other. https://community.freescale.com/thread/303536 has detail information how to fix this.

Obtain source code

The Linux kernel and U-Boot are available through Github.
Required patches for the AFS can be found under: ftp://customerv:Variscite1@ftp.variscite.com/VAR-SOM-MX6/Software/Android/Android_ll_500_100/Android-LL5.0.0_Release_100V3/ in Variscite's FTP
Files:

• android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_core_source.gz - Freescale's i.MX6 LL5.0.0_100 original patch files.
  
• android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_doc.tar.gz - Freescale i.MX6 LL5.0.0_100 documents
  
• android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_omxplayer_source.tar.gz - Freescale i.MX6 LL5.0.0_100 omxplayer
  
• fsl_aacp_dec_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga.tar.gz - Freescale i.MX6 LL5.0.0_100 Additional codecs
  
• var_L5.0.0_1.0.0_r3.tar.bz2 - Variscite's VAR-SOM-MX6 SOM patch files
  

Unpack Freescale's Android Release Package

$ mkdir ~/var_ll_500_100
$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100
$ tar xvf ~/Downloads/android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_core_source.gz
$ cd android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_core_source/code/
$ tar xvf l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga.tar.gz

Download Google Android LL5.0.0

The Android source code is maintained in more than 100 different gits in the Android repository (android.googlesource.com).
To get the Android source code from Google repo, follow the steps below:

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100
$ mkdir ll_500_100_build
$ cd ll_500_100_build
$ mkdir ~/bin
$ curl http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo
$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo
$ export PATH=~/bin:$PATH
$ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-5.0.2_r1 
$ repo sync
$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm
$ git clone https://android.googlesource.com/platform/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi-4.6
$ cd arm-eabi-4.6
$ git checkout -b android-4.4.3_r1 android-4.4.3_r1

NOTE:
The above "$ repo sync" command loads most needed repos. Therefore, it can take several hours to load.

Download Variscite's U-Boot and Linux kernel

clone ll5.0.0_100 kernel source code from Variscite's open source git:

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
$ git clone https://github.com/varigit/linux-2.6-imx.git kernel_imx
$ cd kernel_imx
$ git checkout -b l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga-var01 remotes/origin/l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga-var01

clone the U-Boot git repository from Varicite's open source git:

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build/bootable/bootloader
$ git clone https://github.com/varigit/uboot-imx.git uboot-imx
$ cd uboot-imx
$ git checkout -b l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga-var01 remotes/origin/l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga-var01

Apply all the i.MX Android patches with Freescale i.MX6 support

The patch script (and_patch.sh) requires some basic utilities like awk/sed.
Apply all Android patches by using the following steps:

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
$ source ../android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_core_source/code/l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga/and_patch.sh
$ help
You should see that the "c_patch" function is available.
$  c_patch  ../android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_core_source/code/l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga imx_l5.0.0_1.0.0-ga
If everything is OK, "c_patch" generates the following output to indicate the successful patch:
**************************************************************
Success: Now you can build the Android code for FSL i.MX platform
**************************************************************

NOTE: The patch script (and_patch.sh) requires some basic utilities like awk/sed. If they are not available on the computer running Linux OS, install them first.

Install Freescale i.MX6 omxplayer support

The patch script (and_patch.sh) requires some basic utilities like awk/sed.
Apply all Android patches by using the following steps:

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
$ cp ~/Downloads/android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_omxplayer_source.tar.gz ./
$ tar xzvf android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_omxplayer_source.tar.gz
$ rm android_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga_omxplayer_source.tar.gz

Apply VAR-SOM-MX6 patches

After you setup your build machine,unpack Variscite's release Package:

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100
$ tar xvf ~/Downloads/var_L5.0.0_1.0.0_r3.tar.bz2
$ variscite/install

Install Freescale i.MX6 additional codecs support

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
$ tar xvf ~/Downloads/fsl_aacp_dec_L5.0.0_1.0.0-ga.tar.gz
$ cp -r fsl_aacp_dec/ external
$ rm -rf fsl_aacp_dec/

Build Android Images

Change to Android top level directory.

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
$ source build/envsetup.sh
$ lunch var_mx6-user
or
$ lunch var_mx6-eng

NOTE:
var_mx6-user creates a production version of the Android Lollipop.

var_mx6-eng creates an engineering version of the Android Lollipop. Development mode enable and development tools are available on target.

Switch from eMMC build to SD card build and vice versa

When you switch your target MMC device you need to remove the fstab file. This will guarantee that the make system will copy the right one into target.

$ rm out/target/product/var_mx6/root/fstab.freescale

Build Android for SD card

$ make -j4 BUILD_TARGET_DEVICE=sd 2>&1 | tee build1-1.log

Build Android for eMMC

$ make -j4 BUILD_TARGET_DEVICE=emmc 2>&1 | tee build1-1.log

NOTE: Set -j4 to a suitable number. A good practice is to set it to number of threads of you build machine minus 1.

Flash Android SD card

NOTE: A newer version of var-mksdcard.sh is available on the FTP site.

Format only SD card:

$ sudo ./var-mksdcard.sh /dev/sdX;sync

Flash only Android onto SD card:

$ sudo ./var-mksdcard.sh -np -nf -f som-mx6q-c /dev/sdX;sync

Format and flash Android onto SD card (SD card was formated before):

$ sudo ./var-mksdcard.sh -f som-mx6q-c /dev/sdX;sync

• Replace /dev/sdX with your true device, You can identify it with dmesg.
• Replace som-mx6q-c with you actual configuration. See description in section Images created by the Android build for Variscite MX6 system

Flash Android onto eMMC

Flashing Android is a complex task that require multiple commands. Variscite provides nand-recovery SDCARD that does that. It format the eMMC flash the boot device and flash Android. Please use the nand-recovery SDCARD copy your Android product into /media/rootfs/opt/images/Android/Emmc. Boot from SDCARD and use the GUI to flash Android or type android-emmc.sh on the command line.

Build for NAND

NOTE: Due to android file system size This version only support build to SD card and eMMC.

Images created by the Android build for Variscite MX6 system

If you do ls out/target/product/var_mx6/

Image	Description
system.img	Android system image file. SOM agnostics.
u-boot-var-imx6-nand.img	u-boot for nand used in eMMC boot. SOM agnostics.
u-boot-var-imx6-sd.img	u-boot for SD card boot. SOM agnostics.
boot-<name>-<touch>.img recovery-<name>-<touch>.img
<name> is one of:	som-mx6q - Support VAR-SOM-MX6Q and VAR-SOM-MX6D som-mx6dl - Support VAR-SOM-MX6DL and VAR-SOM-SOLO som-solo - Support SOM-SOLO and SOM-DUAL
<touch> - is "r" or "c"	r = resistive touch display c = capacitive touch dispaly
Image Name	SOM type	Carrier Board type	LCD Type	Evaluation Kit name
boot-som-mx6q-c.img, recovery-som-mx6q-c.img	VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (Quad / Dual)	VAR-MX6CustomBoard	Capacitive touch	VAR-DVK-MX6_V2-PRO VAR-STK-MX6_V2
boot-som-mx6q-r.img, recovery-som-mx6q-r.img	VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (Quad / Dual)	VAR-MX6CustomBoard	Resistive touch	VAR-DVK-MX6_V2 VAR-STK-MX6_V2
boot-som-mx6q-vsc.img, recovery-som-mx6q-vsc.img	VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (Quad / Dual)	VAR-SOLOCustomBoard	Capacitive LVDS touch	N/A
boot-som-mx6dl-c.img, recovery-som-mx6dl-c.img	VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (DualLite/ Solo)	VAR-MX6CustomBoard	Capacitive touch	N/A
boot-som-mx6dl-r.img, recovery-som-mx6dl-r.img	VAR-SOM-MX6_V2 (DualLite/ Solo)	VAR-MX6CustomBoard	Resistive touch	N/A
boot-som-solo-vsc.img, recovery-som-solo-vsc.img	VAR-SOM-SOLO / VAR-SOM-DUAL	VAR-SOLOCustomBoard	Capacitive LVDS touch	VAR-DVK-SOLO/DUAL VAR-STK-SOLO/DUAL
boot-som-solo-c.img, recovery-som-solo-c.img	VAR-SOM-SOLO / VAR-SOM-DUAL	VAR-MX6CustomBoard	Capacitive touch	N/A
boot-imx6q-var-dart.img, recovery-imx6q-var-dart.img	DART-MX6	VAR-DT6CustomBoard	Capacitive touch	VAR-STK-DT6 VAR-DVK-DT6

Boot

The Android can be booted from MMC/SD device on sdcard and MMC/SD device on eMMC.  nand-recovery version 37 support the nand and eMMC flash.

Boot From MMC/SD Card

This section will guide you through the process of installing and boot VAR-SOM-MX6 from SD/MMC device.

Create bootable SD card Variscite provides a script that can be used to partition an SD card and install the required images on it.

• Insert a micro SD into your Linux PC
• Determine the block device name of your micro SD (for instance /dev/sdc). Use "dmesg" after you inserted the SD card.
• Make sure all partitions of your micro SD are unmounted. Use "sudo umount /media/<uname>" to unmount it.
• cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
• sudo ./var-mksdcard.sh /dev/sdX (replace /dev/sdX with your SD card block device)

Use the created SD card and:

• Insert the SD card you just created into the MMC/SD slot on the custom board.
• Press and hold the boot-select button and power-on the SOM.

Boot From eMMC

Flashing the U-Boot, boot image and Android root file system into NAND/eMMC can be done from target Linux shell. The images  can be found at Android build machine under: "out/target/product/var_mx6". Boot the target device using Variscite's pre-build NAND recovery SD image version 37or greater, then follow the instructions below:

$ android_emmc.sh

Manual operations

Build boot.img

We use boot.img and booti as default commands to boot rather than the uramdisk and uImage.
You can use this command to generate boot.img under android environment:

$  cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build
$ source build/envsetup.sh
$ lunch var_mx6-user
$ make bootimage

Toolchain setup for manual build kernel and U-Boot

Setup the toolchain path to point to arm-eabi- tools in prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi-4.6/bin

$ export ARCH=arm
$ export PATH=~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build/prebuilts/gcc/linux-x86/arm/arm-eabi-4.6/bin:$PATH
$ export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-eabi-

Manual build Bootloader 

Change directory to u-boot

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build/bootable/bootloader/uboot-imx 

Execute following commands:

clean tree:
$ make mrproper

Choose build for SD card or NAND Flash:
$ make mx6_var_som_sd_android_config
or
$ make mx6_var_som_nand_android_config

Build U-Boot:
$ make -j4

This command will generate the U-Boot image 'u-boot.img'.

Manual build Android Linux Kernel and modules

Change directory to kernel

$ cd ~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build/kernel_imx 

Execute following commands

$ make distclean
$ make imx_v7_var_android_defconfig
$ make -j4 uImage LOADADDR=0x10008000
$ make -j4 modules

This will generate uImage(kernel image) in kernel/arch/arm/boot folder

Flashing Android with Fastboot

1. Connect a USB OTG cable from the target board OTG port to a your host machine USB HOST port.
2. Power up the board and hit return to stop the boot
3. type fastboot in the u-boot prompt.

On the target:

$ sudo `which fastboot` flash boot out/target/product/var_mx6/boot-som-mx6q-c.img
$ sudo `which fastboot` flash recovery out/target/product/var_mx6/recovery-som-mx6q-c.img
$ sudo `which fastboot` flash system out/target/product/var_mx6/system.img
$ sudo `which fastboot` reboot

boot-som-mx6q-c.img and recovery-som-mx6q-c.img is for VAR-SOM-MX6 with capacitive display. You should pick and choose the right file for you see the table above. The emmc-recovery utility select the right combination automatically by scanning the system it is running on. Detail information Fastboot

Display Options

Selecting the display type is done by setting the bootcmd with the required display type.

The bootcmd is embedded into boot.img. To set the bootargs edit the file '~/var_ll_500_100/ll_500_100_build/device/variscite/var_som_mx6/BoardConfig.mk' as follows:

• HDMI

BOARD_KERNEL_CMDLINE := console=ttymxc0,115200 init=/init video=mxcfb0:dev=hdmi,1920x1080M@60,if=RGB24,bpp=32 video=mxcfb1:off video=mxcfb2:off video=mxcfb3:off vmalloc=400M androidboot.console=ttymxc0 consoleblank=0 androidboot.hardware=freescale cma=384M androidboot.selinux=disabled androidboot.dm_verity=disabled