Static IP Address: Difference between revisions
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It is sometimes desirable to provide static IP configuration for network interface instead of relying on DHCP. | It is sometimes desirable to provide static IP configuration for network interface instead of relying on DHCP. | ||
Below we describe several methods to | Below we describe several methods of doing that. | ||
= Using ConnMann = | |||
ConnMan is the default Yocto network manager. Network manager is a program for providing detection and configuration for systems to automatically connect to network. | |||
In the examples below we demonstrate how ConnMan command line tool, connmanctl, can be used create static IP configuration. | |||
== Configuring wired interfaces == | |||
To get the list of wired interfaces run | |||
# connmanctl services | |||
For example: | |||
<pre> | |||
root@imx7-var-som:~# connmanctl services | |||
*AO Wired ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable | |||
</pre> | |||
Wired interfaces will be shown as ethernet_<mac_address>_cable. | |||
To create static IP configuration run | |||
# connmanctl <service> --ipv4 manual <ip address> <netmask> <gateway> | |||
# connmanctl config <service> --nameservers <dns-addr> | |||
For example: | |||
# connmanctl ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable --ipv4 manual 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.254 | |||
# connmanctl config ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable --nameservers 8.8.8.8 4.4.4.4 | |||
The configuration will be saved in /var/lib/connman/ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable/settings. | |||
== Configuring wireless interfaces == | |||
To check if wifi is enabled you can run | |||
# connmanctl technologies | |||
and check for the line that says Powered: True/False. | |||
To power the wifi on you can run | |||
# connmanctl enable wifi | |||
To scan the network connmanctl accepts simple names called technologies. To scan for nearby wifi networks: | |||
# connmanctl scan wifi | |||
To list the available networks found after a scan run (example output): | |||
# connmanctl services | |||
MyNetwork wifi_dc85de828967_68756773616d_managed_psk | |||
OtherNET wifi_dc85de828967_38303944616e69656c73_managed_psk | |||
AnotherOne wifi_dc85de828967_3257495245363836_managed_wep | |||
FourthNetwork wifi_dc85de828967_4d7572706879_managed_wep | |||
AnOpenNetwork wifi_dc85de828967_4d6568657272696e_managed_none | |||
Every wifi network is identified by a name composed as | |||
wifi_<hashlocal>_<hashremote>_managed_<encrption> | |||
To connect to an open network, look for wifi networks ending with _managed_none: | |||
# connmanctl connect wifi_dc85de828967_4d6568657272696e_managed_none | |||
{{note|Network names can be tab-completed}} | |||
You should now be connected to the network. Check using ip addr or run | |||
# connmanctl state. | |||
= Using NetworkManager = | |||
The NetworkManager command line tool, nmcli, can also be used create static IP configuration. In the example below a static configuration is created for interface eth0. | |||
# nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 name static-eth0 ip4 192.168.1.100 gw4 192.168.1.254 | |||
# nmcli con mod static-eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8,4.4.4.4" | |||
The configuration will be saved in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/static-eth0. Once generated it can be incorporated into Yocto image and used on multiple devices. | |||
= Using /etc/network/interfaces = | = Using /etc/network/interfaces = | ||
Line 47: | Line 126: | ||
dns=none | dns=none | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
Revision as of 17:06, 16 October 2018
It is sometimes desirable to provide static IP configuration for network interface instead of relying on DHCP. Below we describe several methods of doing that.
Using ConnMann
ConnMan is the default Yocto network manager. Network manager is a program for providing detection and configuration for systems to automatically connect to network. In the examples below we demonstrate how ConnMan command line tool, connmanctl, can be used create static IP configuration.
Configuring wired interfaces
To get the list of wired interfaces run
# connmanctl services
For example:
root@imx7-var-som:~# connmanctl services *AO Wired ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable
Wired interfaces will be shown as ethernet_<mac_address>_cable.
To create static IP configuration run
# connmanctl <service> --ipv4 manual <ip address> <netmask> <gateway> # connmanctl config <service> --nameservers <dns-addr>
For example:
# connmanctl ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable --ipv4 manual 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.254 # connmanctl config ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable --nameservers 8.8.8.8 4.4.4.4
The configuration will be saved in /var/lib/connman/ethernet_0eb31468dcc9_cable/settings.
Configuring wireless interfaces
To check if wifi is enabled you can run
# connmanctl technologies
and check for the line that says Powered: True/False.
To power the wifi on you can run
# connmanctl enable wifi
To scan the network connmanctl accepts simple names called technologies. To scan for nearby wifi networks:
# connmanctl scan wifi
To list the available networks found after a scan run (example output):
# connmanctl services
MyNetwork wifi_dc85de828967_68756773616d_managed_psk OtherNET wifi_dc85de828967_38303944616e69656c73_managed_psk AnotherOne wifi_dc85de828967_3257495245363836_managed_wep FourthNetwork wifi_dc85de828967_4d7572706879_managed_wep AnOpenNetwork wifi_dc85de828967_4d6568657272696e_managed_none
Every wifi network is identified by a name composed as
wifi_<hashlocal>_<hashremote>_managed_<encrption>
To connect to an open network, look for wifi networks ending with _managed_none:
# connmanctl connect wifi_dc85de828967_4d6568657272696e_managed_none
You should now be connected to the network. Check using ip addr or run
# connmanctl state.
Using NetworkManager
The NetworkManager command line tool, nmcli, can also be used create static IP configuration. In the example below a static configuration is created for interface eth0.
# nmcli con add type ethernet ifname eth0 name static-eth0 ip4 192.168.1.100 gw4 192.168.1.254 # nmcli con mod static-eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8,4.4.4.4"
The configuration will be saved in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/static-eth0. Once generated it can be incorporated into Yocto image and used on multiple devices.
Using /etc/network/interfaces
This is a legacy method with various limitations and we do not recommend using it, especially in combination with network managers. The configuration file /etc/network/interfaces is used by ifup and ifdown tools to perform network interface configuration. In the SystemV init setup ifup and ifdown are invoked by /etc/init.d/networking boot script. In systemd setup /etc/init.d/networking is not available and you should create your own systemd service file that invokes "ifup -a" on startup and "ifdown -a" at shutdown.
If you configure all network interfaces via /etc/network/interfaces, it is better to completely disable the network manager service.
The example below configures eth0
auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.254 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 4.4.4.4 dns-search foo.org bar.com
The DNS settings in /etc/network/interfaces rely on the availability of /sbin/resolvconf tool to update /etc/resolv.conf configuration file. If /sbin/resolvconf is not present, rebuild Yocto image after adding the following line to conf/local.conf
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " resolvconf"
Configuring WIFI via /etc/network/interfaces is not recommended.
Interaction with ConnMan
ConnMan will override the settings in /etc/network/interfaces unless configured to ignore relevant interfaces. For example, after configuring eth0 and eth1 in /etc/network/interfaces, you should create /etc/connman/main.conf and add the following:
[General] NetworkInterfaceBlacklist=eth0,eth1
ConnMan will also override the contents of /etc/resolv.conf as it includes its own DNS proxy. To prevent that, start ConnMan with the options "-r" or "--nodnsproxy"
Interaction with NetworkManager
NetworkManager will override the contents of /etc/resolv.conf as it uses dnsmasq tool as DNS proxy. To prevent that, create /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf and add the following:
[main] dns=none